Delaware Investments Colorado Municipal Income Fund (VCF)
Delaware Investments Colorado Municipal Income Fund Beneish M-Score
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About Beneish M Score
The Beneish M Score helps to uncover companies who are likely to be manipulating their reported earnings. Companies with a higher score are more likely to be manipulators. This is a probabilistic model, so it will not detect manipulators with 100% accuracy.
The best cut-off point depends on the costs mistakenly classifying in one of two ways:
1) Classifying firm that is manipulating earnings as a non-manipulator (Type I error), and
2) Classifying a firm as a manipulator when it actually was not manipulating (Type II Error).
Here are optimal cut-offs according to Beneish, presented as the score followed by the cost of Type I error relative to cost of Type II error):
M Score HTML Table:
| Score | Relative Error Costs (Type I:Type II) |
|---|---|
| M Score > -1.49 | (10:1) | M Score > -1.78 | (20:1) | M Score > -1.89 | (40+:1) |
Beneish excluded financial institutions from his sample when calculating the M-Score, so extreme care should be taken when looking at M-Scores of financial firms - their business models are different from the manufacturing and other service firms that Beneish used in his study.
If you want more details, here is the original Beneish M Score Paper, or you can learn about our calculation by clicking "Learn More" below.
Learn More
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VCF News
Delaware Investments® Municipal Income Funds Announce Investment Policy Change
May 31, 10:09AM Business Wire
May 31, 10:09AM Business Wire
RT @CompassCapital - $DECK and $VCF are more lifestyle / comfort brands. Warm weather fears are unfounded.
about 124 days ago by jjshaka
about 124 days ago by jjshaka
@CompassCapital - $DECK and $VCF are more lifestyle / comfort brands. Warm weather fears are unfounded.
about 124 days ago by CompassCapital
about 124 days ago by CompassCapital
Dividend Declaration: Delaware Investments® Municipal Income Funds Announce Dividends
May 02, 5:40PM Business Wire
May 02, 5:40PM Business Wire
Dividend Declaration: Delaware Investments® Municipal Income Funds Announce Dividends
Dec 03, 5:04PM Business Wire
Dec 03, 5:04PM Business Wire
Sitting at school waiting for next class to start: $VCF Jansport backpacp w/ me along with the $DELL $MSFT Win XP $INTC processor laptop.
about 603 days ago by TheArmoTrader
about 603 days ago by TheArmoTrader
Recent Quotes
| Symbol | Price | Chg | Chg % | Market Cap |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| VCF | 15.52 | -0.06 | -0.39% | |
| VCBI | 8.05 | -0.20 | -2.42% | 262.43M |
| VC | 39.64 | -0.36 | -0.90% | 2.116B |
| VBR | 63.45 | -1.83 | -2.80% | |
| VBFC | 1.25 | +0.00 | +0.00% | 5.30M |
| VBF | 20.97 | -0.02 | -0.10% | |
| VB | 70.39 | -2.29 | -3.15% | |
| VAW | 72.93 | -1.54 | -2.07% | |
| VASC | 11.10 | -0.28 | -2.46% | 189.14M |
| UWN | 1.14 | +0.00 | +0.00% | 18.11M |
